Differences in the Use of Physical Restraint for the...

Falls and physical restraint use are a common practice in the care of the elderly and many efforts have been made to decrease this practice. Falls and injuries associated with restraint usage are a major issue because of their adverse outcome on mortality and morbidity. Prevention of falls and injuries is the most common reason for mechanically or physically restraining the elderly in healthcare facilities (Arbesman Wright, 1999). Its use has, conversely, been examined both from an ethical perspective, since restraints can be observed as coercive and furthermore because of the absence of proof of their effectiveness in preventing falls, as well as the adverse effects associated with their use (Capezuti et al., 1989). The main purposes of this integrative review were to investigate differences in the use of physical restraints over time, to identify risk factors for falls among people 60 and older, to evaluate the effects of a restraint program on staff awareness, work environment and practice of physical/mechanical restraints and the quality of care. A mechanical restraint is a device used to inhibit free physical movement which includes limb restraints, mitts, wristlets, anklets, jackets and wheelchair restraints (Powell et al., 1989). Restraints refers to any device attached to or adjacent to a person’s body that cannot be controlled or simply removed by the person and intentionally restricts a person’s freedom. Restraints are most commonly used to ensure the safetyShow MoreRelatedLack of Exercise May Cause Falls in the Elderly1903 Words   |  8 PagesMay Cause Falls in the Elderly Problem Section Falls are a major source of death and injury in elderly people. For example, they cause 90% of hip fractures and the current cost of hip fractures in the US is estimated to be about 10 billion dollars (Kato, Izumi, Hiramatsu, Shogenji, 2006). Ensuring patient safety is one of the main reasons given for use of restraints. However, according to Jech (2006), the use of physical restraints is unlikely to prevent falls. Physical restraints, such as tie-downRead MoreGerontology and Gerontic Nursing Practice2318 Words   |  10 PagesNRS 353 Gerontology and Gerontic Nursing Practice Assignment 2: Assignment Questions Questions and Answers about Elderly People and Patients Submitted by: Fujimi Sakai Student No: 11413992 Lecturer’s Name: Christine Haley Due date: 25 January 2010 Date of submission: 25 January 2010 Introduction Health of older people has some issues which nurses should know. Older people tend to suffer some health problems, however, some people do not know about problems of older people and mayRead MoreRestraints Review Of Qualitative And Quantitative Studies1517 Words   |  7 PagesRestraints Review of Qualitative and Quantitative studies The purpose of this paper is to critique the research article, Mohler Meyer’s â€Å"Attitude of nurses towards the use of restraints in geriatric care: A systemic review of qualitative and quantitative study 2014. The incident I am going to discuss in this paper is of Mr. P., an 85-year-old man, admitted to this facility about 4 months ago. His history includes coronary heart disease, cataract, dementia, hypertension, macular degeneration andRead MoreDifference between Dementia, Delirium and Alzheimers1209 Words   |  5 PagesINTRODUCTION: Delirium refers to confusion or acute confusional state of mind. It can be caused by physical illness or mental illness .delirium is most common in elderly patients. Basically delirium is condition which results in confusion, also includes changes in behavior, thinking, attention and mood. Difference between delirium, dementia and Alzheimer’s disorder: People suffering from dementia are highly susceptible to delirium but dementia should not be confused with delirium. In dementia changesRead MoreOlder Clients Essay8017 Words   |  33 Pagescom/professional/geriatrics.html (The Merck Manual of Geriatrics, 2011) http://www.health.gov.au 4. . Australian Government [Department of Health Ageing],(2011) http://www.health.gov.au/ 1. Understanding the aged care environment: a) What is the difference between a hostel and a nursing home? A Hostel is for residents with low care needs and a Nursing Home offers high care for residents requiring more intensive care. b) Differentiate between nd identify the classifications of clients youRead MoreTotal Care Nursing Home s ( Tcnh ) Rehabilitation Therapy Program3864 Words   |  16 PagesDescription of Organization: Total Care Nursing Home’s (TCNH) rehabilitation therapy program is designed to produce positive outcomes in the restoration of patients’ lives by providing Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, and Speech Therapy. TCNH provides treatment specifically tailored to patients’ needs and capabilities. During the admission process TCNH designs a personalized treatment plan by conducting a rehabilitation therapy screening that takes into consideration each patient’s medicalRead MoreLong-Term Care and the Shortage of Nurses Essay2334 Words   |  10 Pagesreview the many aspects of long-term care problems and many challenges there are within Long-Term care. We will look at rising costs within long-Term Care, patient abuse, will look at the quality of life, shortages of nurses and demand that the elderly are putting on the medical field. The type of care that Long-Term Care had been giving to its patients and the changes within Long-Term Care. Historic Development and Current State of Health Care Delivery There have been problems within Long-TermRead MoreSocial Determinants and the Ageing Australian Population2119 Words   |  8 PagesSocial determinants refer generally to social factors, such as income inequality or social exclusion which influence health (Community Tolls Box, 2013). â€Å"The social determinants approach is underpinned by an appreciation of the broader value of health to society and the dependence of health on actions far beyond the health sector, as both problems and solutions are system-wide.† (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW), 2010). As the Australian population is ageing, the social determinantsRead MoreFall Prevention: Are bed alarms overused?5686 Words   |  23 PagesNorth Dakota Peer review provided by: Cynthia Anderson Background and Rationale Falls among any individual can cause significant trauma, often leading to an increase in mortality. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2012), one in every three adults over the age of 65 falls each year. Long-term care facilities account for many of these falls, with an average of 1.5 falls occurring per nursing home bed annually (Vu, Weintraub, Rubenstein, 2004). In 2001, the AmericanRead MoreQuality Management At Florence Nightingale2770 Words   |  12 Pagesproblems are categorized into groups: variations in services, overuse, underuse, misuse, and disparities. Geographical differences, unnecessary interventions, conservative treatment, failed safety, and race or socioeconomic differences are examples of complications with quality products and services (Stanhope Lancaster, 2010). Underuse of services is relatively considerable for the elderly. The Institute of Medicine reported â€Å"substantial underdiagnosis of conditions such as treatable inconti nence, curable

Legalizing Assisted Suicide For Terminally Ill Patients Free Essays

The highest value of a democratic society is human rights, which means first of all that a human being is the one who is in charge of his or her own life. The premise presupposes that a person has the right to take a decision about what to do with his or her life on the most global level – whether to go on living or stop living. That is why the state, which aim is to provide the execution of citizens rights, should pay careful attention to such a burning issue as helping terminally ill patients to die. We will write a custom essay sample on Legalizing Assisted Suicide For Terminally Ill Patients or any similar topic only for you Order Now The solution to the problem is legalizing euthanasia as a way of defending human rights alongside taking into consideration the possible moral challenges. Indeed, moral concerns have been the main factors which prevented the quick spread of euthanasia which could otherwise happen. It is first of all religious communities which oppress the adoption of the law, and the more religiously conservative the country is the stronger is the oppression to assisted suicide. Even if one doesn’t know which countries already have the relevant laws we can easily guess what they are by knowing their excessive tolerance to controversial issues like legalizing marijuana or gay marriages. Among them are first of all Scandinavian countries and Holland, some of them having adopted the law others at the brink of adoption. It was in 1994 when Oregon approved Ballot Measure, which would have legalized physician-assisted suicide under limited condition but the vote met the oppression of Federal Government. So, the United States seem to belong to the countries with the strongest moral and religious orthodoxy alongside with deeply Catholic countries as opposed to the tolerant Protestant European societies mentioned above. However, the statistics show it is not completely true. In 1999 Gallup organization held a national survey asking Americans the following question: â€Å"If you personally had a disease that could not be cured and were living in severe pain, would you consider committing suicide or not?†. Forty percent answered â€Å"yes†, fifty one – â€Å"no† and nine were not sure. So, on the face of it, the community divided in halves, roughly speaking. But a there is crucially important detail which shouldn’t be missed: the respondents who took part are naturally not terminally ill and they don’t suffer severe pain. This fact distorts the real statistics which might arise in case they were suffering terrible tortures. But the controversy is not only about the rights of the patients but also about doctors who help their patients to die. The much-talked-of case of Dr.Kevorkian is the evidence of how ambiguous the interpretation of this or that action can be. â€Å"He has been hailed as the champion of the right-to-die movement and denounced as a ghoulish cheerleader for suicide† (Lesenberry, 1994) Jack Kevorkian, who helped twenty people to die on their request, was given a name Dr Death. The case demonstrated the controversy, the current system of law has – there is no legal differentiation between killing out of hate and killing out of mercy. There is a moral difference, however. And if we try to trace how the legal system has been historically formed, it becomes clear that it grew out of moral system of values, it was its reflection. Society has always been trying to match moral and law, and there have always been discrepancy between them which needed to be bridged. The historical process hasn’t stopped, and the gap needs to be overcome. But looking at the problem closer makes it evident that it is not so much a matter of the motivation of killing because it is not so much the formal â€Å"killer† we are talking about. The focus is actually on the person who chooses death; a doctor is just an instrument for performing his or her will. Everyone should realize that making euthanasia a legal option is not defending suicide but defending choice. Depriving people of the right to choose is a heavy violation of their human rights. The task of the state is to find a way how to protect the rights of one side without violating the rights of the other one. But the point is the right of all people are least protected when there is no legal definition of the issue at all. One of the arguments against euthanasia is the claimed immorality of making the relatives of the terminally ill patients decide if to keep them living, especially in case the are not able to decide themselves, like those in coma. Indeed, the issue is very sensitive, which the survey confirmed. The respondents were asked the question: â€Å"If a member of your family were terminally ill and wanted to die, would you be willing to help them?† Forty percent said yes, forty-six no, and fourteen percent were not sure. Indeed, this is a moral challenge for the relatives of the person but again it is a matter of having choice. Of course, it is easier for the relatives to have no choice in such cases because indeed, it must be the hardest choice a person can face in his or her life. On the other hand, it is questionable what is more immoral – to challenge the relatives with the decision or to let them shift responsibility by making the state decide instead of them. How to cite Legalizing Assisted Suicide For Terminally Ill Patients, Papers

Modern Dance free essay sample

What is Modern Dance? Modern dance in my eyes is a form of dance which focuses on the serious expression of the inner emotions, using a free-flowing, interpretive style, rather than following the rigid rules characteristics of many dance disciplines. When modern dance first developed at the turn of the 20th century, it was considered extremely radical and iconoclastic; over the years since, modern dance has become more closely mingled with other disciplines like jazz dance, ballet, and tap, and some dancers work in both modern and classical dance styles, drawing techniques from both. The turn of the 20th century was a generally iconoclastic era, as life in Europe and the United States underwent some dramatic shifts. Industrialism was on the rise, many nations participated in the First World War, and society was rapidly changing. As the rules of life shifted underfoot, some dancers began to feel that the formal rules of classical ballet were too restricting, and they began to develop their own style of free- flowing dance, which came to be known as â€Å"modern† dance, to differentiate it from classical ballet. We will write a custom essay sample on Modern Dance or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In modern dance performance, the dancer is often barefoot or wearing soft shoes. He or she moves in a free, almost improvisational style, and it is common to see controlled falls and other interesting interplays of body weight and gravity. Unlike ballet, which reaches for the stars with leaps and high kicks, modern dance often lingers near the ground, especially in a piece heavily influenced by psychology and intense emotional states. Modern dance is ever changing and always evolving. Its pioneering movement which is constantly absorbing new forms. Also throughout the 20th century there have been several significant changes in the world of dance, from the pioneers of modern dance, the expressionist movement in Germany and the influence of African Americans. Modern dance reflects and inspires society; it encompasses many different styles and cultures and continues to move in different directions, changing conventional roles of race, sexuality and gender. Modern dancers can come from any training background, ranging from classical ballet to break-dancing, and they integrate bodywork techniques such as yoga and Pilates into their dance, along with systems such as the Alexander Method. The contemporary style places a heavy emphasis on the connection between mind and body, with dancers being encouraged to explore their emotions through dances that push against traditional boundaries. This style of dance often involves a great deal of playing with balance, floor work, fall and recovery, and improvisation. While ballet follows a strict structure of steps and strives for a feeling of lightness, modern dance nurtures a freer style and responds to the pull of the earth. Projecting a feeling of weight, modern dancers fall to the floor, move close to the ground then overcome gravity by rising up and regaining balance. Rejecting the formality of tutu and toe shoes, they dance in bare feet and simple costumes. Rather than portraying idealized fairy tale creatures, they retain their own personalities. Martha Graham, the mother of modern dance in America, created a technique based on the twisting of the torso and the powerful contractions and releases of the pelvis. Other distinctive styles were developed by inventive choreographers such as Doris Humphrey. Post -modern choreographers focus on everyday movements performed in gym clothes and tennis shoes. Modern companies present eclectic programs that mix modern dance with elements of ballet, jazz, martial arts and national traditions. The audience need not identify the style to enjoy the show, but its fun to try to pick out influences that inspire the choreographer. Modern Dance free essay sample What is modern dance? Modern dance is For some people it simply means not classical ballet, by which they mean not rooted in an established academic code of movement. This usage, however, lumps together genres that are better understood in their particularity such as Post Modern Dance and New Dance. Modern Dance can now be used as a historic term referring to a particular group of choreographers and the tradition of dance values they established. the term is used to describe a variety of styles that developed in the early 20th century as a reaction to classical ballet. Its exponents viewed classical ballet as decadent and moribund. They believed that ballet had drifted away from the prime motives of dance and had become little more than a bourgeois confection. Traditionalists retaliated by referring to modern dance as barefoot ballet. This was the debate that informed the breakaway movement we now refer to as modern dance. We will write a custom essay sample on Modern Dance or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page How and why did it begin The turn of the 20th century, many dance artists were beginning to rebel against the constraints of classical ballet. They wished for a dance form where emotions, feelings and ideas could be readily expressed, and were more important than tricks and technical virtuosity. New and abstract forms in the worlds of music, theatre and visual art influenced these artists as well, and so modern dance, a truly American art form was born. Modern dance has continued to grow and develop over the past 100 years. The founders There are many founders, people have different opinions on who actually started it. But heres some that stand out. Isadora Duncan, Ruth St. Denis, and Martha Graham Isadora Duncan, Dancer, adventurer, revolutionist, ardent defender of the poetic spirit, Isadora Duncan has been one of the most enduring influences on 20th century culture. Ironically, the very magnitude of her achievements as an artist, as well as the sheer excitement and tradgedy of her life, have tended to dim our awareness of the originality, depth and boldness of her thought. Ruth St. Denis, dancer and choreographer, was born in Newark and educated in Somerville. She left a lasting mark on the development of modern dance. She was particularly interested in exotic lands and the dance steps, costumes and settings associated with them, as well as in using dance to explore spirituality. In 1914, she teamed up with the dancer Ted Shawn (who later became her husband) to form the Denishawn Company, which performed many works derived from Asian and Anglo-European sources. Doris Humphrey and Martha Graham were among her students. She had a major impact on ballet and modern dance. Martha Graham, impact on dance was staggering and often compared to that of Picassos on painting, Stravinskys on music, and Frank Lloyd Wrights on architecture. Her contributions transformed the art form, revitalizing and expanding dance around the world. In her search to express herself freely and honestly, she created the Martha Graham Dance Company, one of the oldest dance troupes in America. As a teacher, Graham trained and inspired generations of fine dancers and choreographers.